Category Archives: News Review

Research into Brain Ageing News Roundup May 3rd Edition 2013

Recent research has clarified how Thioridazine one of the first antipsychotics to be used is also effective in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

There is a small case series (n=5)  looking at Ramelteon in Delirium. Ramelteon is a Melatonin receptor agonist. Further studies will be needed to see if this effect is seen in large samples and to assess the risk-benefit ratio of using this medication which like other medications has side-effects. It will be interesting to see the results of further research in this area.

In another experimental study (n=20) published in JAMA Psychiatry, researchers found that Sodium Nitroprusside was effective in the treatment of psychosis with the effect beginning within 4 hours and lasting up to 4 weeks after a single administration with these effects not observed in the placebo group. Further studies will be needed to see if this effect is seen in large samples and to assess the risk-benefit ratio of using this medication which like other medications has side-effects. It will be interesting to see the results of further research in this area.

There is a nice write-up of a study looking at Pepper consumption and the risk of Parkinson’s Disease. The researchers compared 490 people with Parkinson’s Disease with 644 people without Parkinson’s Disease. The researchers found that people without Parkinson’s Disease were less likely to have eaten peppers and that there was a dose-related effect i.e the more Peppers a person ate per week the less likely they were to have Parkinson’s Disease.  However it will be interesting to see further research in this area.

Neuroscience

There is a fascinating project known as OpenWorm which aims to create a virtual Nematode i.e a computer generated Nematode. Members of the OpenWorm project write about their attendance at an Open Source Brain event in Sardinia here.

Courtesy of bbsrc media there is an interesting video explaining research into the ageing Brain – the Cam-Can Project.

Evolutionary Psychiatry

Recent research published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that the Frontal Lobe has not increased disproportionally in humans relative to other parts of the brain. The researchers conclude that the Cerebellum and connections between different parts of the brain have also played an important role in human evolution.

Appendix

News Round-Up 2008-2011

News Round-Up 2012

Index: There are indices for the TAWOP site here and here Twitter: You can follow ‘The Amazing World of Psychiatry’ Twitter by clicking on this link. Podcast: You can listen to this post on Odiogo by clicking on this link (there may be a small delay between publishing of the blog article and the availability of the podcast). It is available for a limited period. TAWOP Channel: You can follow the TAWOP Channel on YouTube by clicking on this link. Responses: If you have any comments, you can leave them below or alternatively e-mail justinmarley17@yahoo.co.uk. Disclaimer: The comments made here represent the opinions of the author and do not represent the profession or any body/organisation. The comments made here are not meant as a source of medical advice and those seeking medical advice are advised to consult with their own doctor. The author is not responsible for the contents of any external sites that are linked to in this blog.

DSM-5 Due Out and International Nurses Day News Round-Up May 2nd Edition 2013

Untitled Project
The American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) is due out this month. In the period leading up the launch of DSM-5 there has been considerable debate.
  • Professor David Kupfer, head of the DSM-5 taskforce responds to the NIMH statement here (with a write-up here).
  • The Observer features a debate between psychiatrist Professor Simon Wessely and psychologist Dr Oliver James.
  • The BBC programme ‘All in the Mind‘ features an interview with Professor Simon Wessely about the anticipated impact of DSM-5 in the UK.
  • There is a look at the launch of DSM-5 at the Shrink Rap blog
  • Psychiatrist Dr Allen Frances writes at New Scientist about the NIMH statement about the research strategy (see here also) and the history of debate about DSM-5.
  • Dr Charles Parker looks at the NIMH statement in relation to DSM-5 at the CorePsych blog.
  • Ferris Jabr writes at Scientific American about how the NIMH strategy will mean a shift for DSM.
  • Jamie Doward at the Guardian writes about the recent response from the British Psychological Society to DSM-5
  • At the Psychiatric Times there is a look at a new mobile phone app for DSM-V
  • There is a look at the NIMH statement in relation to DSM-V at MIT Technology Review
  • Dr David Shaffer writes about Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) here.
  • There is a detailed response to the NIMH statement at the ‘Boring Old Man 1‘ blog.

Events

Today is International Nurse’s Day. This is in commemoration of the birth of Florence Nightingale and the theme for this year’s day is Closing the Gap: Millenium Development Goal.

Dementia Awareness Week 2013 takes place on the week of May 19-25th.

The Freudian Clip Film Club in conjunction with Dr Raj Persaud is presenting the ‘Silver Linings Playbook’ on May 28th in London (for details see here).

Dr Raj Persaud and Professor Simon Wessely are hosting a conference on the subject of DSM-5 in London (see here and here).

Appendix

Positive Psychology Resources on this Site

News Round-Up 2008-2011

News Round-Up 2012

Index: There are indices for the TAWOP site here and here Twitter: You can follow ‘The Amazing World of Psychiatry’ Twitter by clicking on this link. Podcast: You can listen to this post on Odiogo by clicking on this link (there may be a small delay between publishing of the blog article and the availability of the podcast). It is available for a limited period. TAWOP Channel: You can follow the TAWOP Channel on YouTube by clicking on this link. Responses: If you have any comments, you can leave them below or alternatively e-mail justinmarley17@yahoo.co.uk. Disclaimer: The comments made here represent the opinions of the author and do not represent the profession or any body/organisation. The comments made here are not meant as a source of medical advice and those seeking medical advice are advised to consult with their own doctor. The author is not responsible for the contents of any external sites that are linked to in this blog.

Understanding Why Relapse Happens in First-Episode Psychosis and Meta-Analysis of Positive Psychology Interventions News Round-Up May 1st Edition 2013

There is a study from Hong Kong in the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry looking at relapse rates in first-episode psychosis. The researchers looked at the cumulative relapse rate as well as risk factors for relapse. The researchers identified many risk factors for relapse which included non-concordance with medication (Hui et al, 2013).

There is an open-access article on structural MRI findings in Schizophrenia in the Journal of the Norwegian Medical Association available in both Norwegian and English. The researchers found evidence of reduced Hippocampal volume but increased volume in the Globus Pallidus in study subjects with Schizophrenia compared to controls.

News Roundup Elsewhere

There is a round-up of anthropology news here which includes a brief discussion about how anthropologists are taking on difficult issues such as healthcare access.

Health and Wellbeing

Bolier and colleagues undertook a meta-analysis of positive psychology interventions (see Appendix) in randomised control trials. They looked at outcomes for subjective and objective well-being and depression. The researchers used standardised effect sizes when comparing different treatment approaches.

1471-2458-13-119-1

Diagram from (Bolier et al, 2013), Creative Commons 2.0

The researchers found positive effects for subjective and objective well-being as well as Depression. The results for Depression are shown below.

1471-2458-13-119-4

Diagram from (Bolier et al, 2013), Creative Commons 2.0

For Depression, Cohen’s D was 2.0 (95% Confidence Interval 0.09-0.30 with p<0.1).

A study in the Lancet found no benefit for exercise on Depressive symptoms in nursing home residents in this National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment Programme study. Many studies have found positive benefits for exercise on mental illness including Depression and it will be interesting to see the results of further research in this area.

Neuroscience

brain.1

A single protein significantly influence both brain expansion and folding during development based on the findings from a study in the Journal Cell (Stahl et al, 2013).

Dr Micah Allen has an interesting piece on what multivariate analysis might mean for understanding functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging data.

References

Bolier L, Haverman M, Westerhof GJ, Riper H, Smit F, Bohlmeijer E. Positive psychology interventions: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. BMC Public Health. 2013 Feb 8;13:119.

Hui CL, Tang JY, Leung CM, Wong GH, Chang WC, Chan SK, Lee EH, Chen EY.Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 23. [Epub ahead of print] A 3-year retrospective cohort study of predictors of relapse in first-episode psychosis in Hong Kong.

Ronny Stahl, Tessa Walcher, Camino De Juan Romero, Gregor Alexander Pilz, Silvia Cappello, Martin Irmler, José Miguel Sanz-Aquela, Johannes Beckers, Robert Blum, Víctor Borrell, Magdalena Götz. Trnp1 Regulates Expansion and Folding of the Mammalian Cerebral Cortex by Control of Radial Glial Fate. Cell, 2013; 153 (3)

Underwood M et al. Exercise for depression in elderly residents of care homes: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. The Lancet, Early Online Publication, 2 May 2013.

Appendix

Positive Psychology Resources on this Site

News Round-Up 2008-2011

News Round-Up 2012

Index: There are indices for the TAWOP site here and here Twitter: You can follow ‘The Amazing World of Psychiatry’ Twitter by clicking on this link. Podcast: You can listen to this post on Odiogo by clicking on this link (there may be a small delay between publishing of the blog article and the availability of the podcast). It is available for a limited period. TAWOP Channel: You can follow the TAWOP Channel on YouTube by clicking on this link. Responses: If you have any comments, you can leave them below or alternatively e-mail justinmarley17@yahoo.co.uk. Disclaimer: The comments made here represent the opinions of the author and do not represent the profession or any body/organisation. The comments made here are not meant as a source of medical advice and those seeking medical advice are advised to consult with their own doctor. The author is not responsible for the contents of any external sites that are linked to in this blog.