Almost 5 years ago, we looked at a model of the Insular Cortex that started with a few assumptions from some papers which included one looking at GABA receptors in the Insular Cortex and anxiety. Along the way we looked at works by Antonio Damasio and A.Bud.Craig. More recently we have looked at other areas of the brain implicated in our emotional experiences as well as some of the influential models of the Limbic System.
Returning to the beginning and looking at how to build such a model it seems sensible to contextualise the model in terms of the most influential theories in this area. William James and Carl Lange raised the question of whether we first experience physiological reactions and then emotions whilst in the Cannon-Bard theory the reverse is stated. In either case there is a stated connection between physiological reactions to events and emotions.
These physiological reactions in the body produce information. The process of responding to this information is interoception. The Insular Cortex receives interoceptive input from the body leading to a posited role in interoception. Referring to the discussion above we can see that the Insular Cortex is therefore a natural point of enquiry for exploring the relationship between physiological responses to events and our emotional experiences.
Related Resources on this Site
Developing a Model of the Insular Cortex and Emotional Regulation: Part 1
Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 2: Reviewing a Model by Craig – Part 1
Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 3: Reviewing a Model by Craig – Part 2
Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 4: Reviewing a Model by Craig – Part 3
Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 5: The Evolution of the Insular Cortex
Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 6: A Recap
Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 7: The James-Lange Theory
Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 8: The Cannon-Bard Thalamic Theory of Emotions
Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 9: Charles Darwin on the Expression of the Emotions
Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 10: The Limbic System
Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 11: A Second Recap
Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 12: GABA receptors and Emotions
Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 13: GABA receptors and Nematode Worms
Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 15: Another Recap
A Diversion into the Limbic System: Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 16
A Look at the Amygdala-PFC Dyad – Building a Model of the Insular Cortex – Part 17
What does the Insular Cortex Do Again?
Insular Cortex Infarction in Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Territory Stroke
The Insular Cortex and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
The Relationship of Blood Pressure to Subcortical Lesions
Interoception and the Insular Cortex
A Case of Neurogenic T-Wave Inversion
Video Presentations on a Model of the Insular Cortex
MR Visualisations of the Insula
The Subjective Experience of Pain
How Do You Feel? Interoception: The Sense of the Physiological Condition of the Body
How Do You Feel – Now? The Anterior Insula and Human Awareness
Role of the Insular Cortex in the Modulation of Pain
The Insular Cortex and Frontotemporal Dementia
A Case of Infarct Connecting the Insular Cortex and the Heart
The Insular Cortex: Part of the Brain that Connects Smell and Taste?
Stuttered Swallowing and the Insular Cortex
YouTubing the Insular Cortex (Brodmann Areas 13, 14 and 52)
New Version of Video on Insular Cortex Uploaded
Contributors to the Model (links are to the posts in which contributions were made – these links may contain further links directly to the contributors)
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