The paper reviewed here is ‘Social Cognition Skills Training in Schizophrenia’ by Horan and colleagues. In this study, the authors are looking to see if a new social cognition skills training program that they have developed is effective at improving social cognition. They begin with a brief observation that while symptom control in schizophrenia has been effective this is not necessarily linked to functioning. They discuss the term social cognition very briefly in the introduction. I find this concept quite complex and it is probably in a state of flux at the moment. They then look at some of the evidence suggesting that there can be difficulties with social cognition in schizophrenia and then summarise some of the research into methods that improve social cognition in people with schizophrenia. Such approaches include the Training in Affect Recognition program and Social Cognitive and Interaction Training (SCIT). The researchers observe that in a number of studies in the area of social cognition skills training in schizophrenia there were no control groups, it was not clear if the changes in skills resulted from a confounding improvement in general cognition and also the studies had not looked at inpatients.
In this study, the researchers conducted a 6-week trial with 34 participants. Subjects met the DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and were recruited from a healthcare centre in Los Angeles. 60% of the subjects in the social cognition group were African-American and 27% caucausian while 50% of the subjects in the control group were African-American and 31% caucasian. 26 of the subjects were taking atypical antipsychotics (not in combination with typicals). The control group underwent an ‘illness self-management and relapse prevention skills training’ program. They give a broad overview of the control program which includes a ‘fully manualised training program’ with videos and scripted exercises that focus on 4 areas which include identification of relapse warning signs.
The intervention consisted of ‘two 6-session phases’ which covered
(a) ‘Emotional and social perception’.
(b) ‘Social attribution and Theory of Mind’.
In the first phase, the subjects underwent training to identify ‘basic emotions on the face and in the voice’ borrowing from established programs and using ‘computerised facial affect perception training exercises.. and facial mimicry exercises’. Training continued with ‘social cue perception skills and social context appreciation’. This involved recognition of social norms and non-verbal gestures.
In the second phase, paranoia was considered as an emotion and the subjects were trained to distinguish between ‘useful’ suspicion and ‘harmful’ suspicion, between facts and guesses and checking out beliefs with the evidence.
The four social cognition outcome measures were
(a) The Facial Emotion Identification Test
(b) The Half-Profile of Nonverbal Sensitivity (PONS)
(c) The Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ)
(d) The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT)
I couldn’t see the details on the validity and reliability for each of the above although the researchers have cited the original papers.
Cognition was assessed using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB).
The researchers use the ANCOVA for the primary outcome measures which consist of the differences in the cognition and social cognition measures between the two groups. Essentially there was a significant between group effect only for the facial affect perception. What this meant was that on this measure the social cognition skills training group improved significantly more than the control group. A ‘moderate to large effect’ was noted in the social cognition skills training group. There wasn’t a significant difference between the groups on the MATRICS.
I thought this was an interesting study. This is a relatively short trial at 6-weeks and it would be interesting to see if the effects are sustained and if they are replicated in a larger group given the promising initial results.
References
Horan W P, Kern R S, Shokat-Fadai K, Sergi M J, Wynn J K and Green M F. Social cognitive skills training in schizophrenia:An initial efficacy study of stabilized outpatients. Schizophrenia Research. 107. 2009. 47-54.
You can follow ‘The Amazing World of Psychiatry’ Twitter by clicking on this link
Podcast
You can listen to this post on Odiogo by clicking on this link (there may be a small delay between publishing of the blog article and the availability of the podcast).
TAWOP Channel
You can follow the TAWOP Channel on YouTube by clicking on this link
Responses
If you have any comments, you can leave them below or alternatively e-mail justinmarley17@yahoo.co.uk
Disclaimer
The comments made here represent the opinions of the author and do not represent the profession or any body/organisation. The comments made here are not meant as a source of medical advice and those seeking medical advice are advised to consult with their own doctor. The author is not responsible for the contents of any external sites that are linked to in this blog.
[…] more from the original source: Review: Social Cognition Skills Training in Schizophrenia « The … Share and […]
LikeLike
[…] posted here: Review: Social Cognition Skills Training in Schizophrenia « The … Share and […]
LikeLike
I Really like what you have done with your blog! Will you please check out my site? It is new and i would like to show it off! The site is http://www.publicdomainpayday.com
LikeLike
Hey I clicked on your website by chance on bing while looking for something completely different but I am truly glad that I did, You have just earned yourself another subscriber. 🙂
LikeLike
Wonderful article post on the blog bro. This particular is just a tremendously nicely structured blog post, just the data I was looking just for. Thank you
LikeLike
I’m extremely inspired together with your writing skills as neatly as with the layout on your weblog. Is this a paid subject or did you modify it yourself? Either way stay up the excellent high quality writing, it is rare to look a nice weblog like this one these days..
LikeLike
Christina great comment!
LikeLike
As we have observed, emotion identification reduced paranoia as group session (social context) appreciation increased.
LikeLike
Nice post. I learn something more challenging on different blogs everyday. It will always be stimulating to read content from other writers and practice a little something from their store. I’d prefer to use some with the content on my blog whether you don’t mind. Natually I’ll give you a link on your web blog. Thanks for sharing.
LikeLike